Methodological Approaches to Measuring the Aridity Index in the Dades Oasis: An Analytical and Applied Study

Abstract

The calculation of the aridity index aims to analyze rainfall and temperature data using various statistical tools in order to obtain indicators that help evaluate the severity of rainfall deficit. It also makes it possible to classify dry and wet years according to their temporal and spatial characteristics. This approach is based on the application of specific methods and formulas, including those of Emberger, De Martonne, and Köppen. The results show that the aridity index is an effective tool for identifying the type of climate in a given area, as it helps distinguish between climatic regions based on their level of aridity or humidity.

This study seeks to apply certain methods of calculating the drought coefficient to the Dades oasis, with the aim of assessing the severity of rainfall deficit therein and classifying dry years, while analyzing their temporal frequency, thereby enabling a more precise understanding of drought dynamics within this fragile oasis area.